Stem cells are the basic building blocks of cell types that perform various functions in the human body. These cells, which form the structure of tissues and organs in the body, have the capacity to transform into all cell types. Stem cells play a critical role in the regeneration of damaged or diseased tissues and organs. They contribute to the repair processes of the organism by transforming into specialized cells when needed.
Stem Cell Therapy
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Types and Properties of Stem Cells
Stem cells can be divided into two main groups as cells found in the organism and capable of differentiation. Embryonic stem cells are cells found in the early development stages of the organism and have the capacity to form different tissues and organs. Adults have somatic stem cells or tissue-specific stem cells. IPS (Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) are artificial stem cells obtained by recycling adult cells and have the ability to differentiate.
Stem Cell Therapy
Stem cell therapy is a method used to renew diseased or damaged tissues and organs. In this treatment, stem cells taken from the person’s own body or from a compatible donor are used. Stem cells are transferred to the patient and transplanted to the area that needs to be repaired. The treatment method is determined depending on the patient’s condition and the disease that needs to be treated.
Areas of Use of Stem Cell Therapy
Stem cell therapy is used as an effective method in the treatment of various diseases. These diseases include congenital metabolic disorders, bone marrow diseases, immune system problems and healing of damaged tissues. In addition, stem cell therapy is used in the treatment of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s and in the treatment of spinal cord injuries.
Stem Cell Therapy Application Methods
Stem cell therapy is performed with stem cells obtained from different sources. These sources include bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood, embryonic stem cells and fat tissue. Stem cells can be transferred as autologous (taken from the person’s own body), allogeneic (taken from a donor) or haploidentical (taken from a semi-compatible donor). Stem cells are used by intravenous access or by injection into the damaged area. The success rate of the treatment varies depending on the type, stage and condition of the patient.
